QOGNATO Decision Brief

How to find contradictions across documents

Contradictions are rarely found by reading one file at a time. They appear when claims, dates and records are compared together.

Start with claims

List the important statements being relied upon. Note who made each statement and when.

Connect each claim to evidence

Identify the contract, email, invoice, report or event that supports—or challenges—the statement.

Compare dates and versions

Many contradictions are version problems: an early promise, a later amendment and a final delivery record may not say the same thing.

Check quantities, money and authority

Compare amounts, units, approvals and responsibilities. Small differences can reveal a larger break in the record.

Distinguish contradiction from a gap

Two records that disagree create a contradiction. A missing record creates uncertainty. They require different follow-up.

Record the unresolved question

Do not force a conclusion. State precisely what conflicts, what each source says and what further evidence may resolve it.

Important: Case notes are anonymised and limited to the records and purpose described. They are not promises of the same outcome in another matter.